Abstract:
For centuries, philosophy has been studied through historical traditions, cultural backgrounds, and schools of thought. However, from a structural perspective, major philosophical systems may also be understood as manifestations of recurring organizational patterns.
This article explores philosophy through the framework of Point (•), Line (｜), and Circle (Ο), proposed in Universal Law. It suggests that the I Ching tradition may be viewed as a Point-oriented philosophy emphasizing origin and generation; Western philosophy as a Line-oriented philosophy emphasizing reasoning and development; and Confucian philosophy as a Circle-oriented philosophy emphasizing order, harmony, and systemic integration.
Furthermore, each philosophical tradition appears to contain its own internal point-line-circle structure, producing a recursive and fractal-like hierarchy. Through this perspective, philosophy is interpreted not merely as a collection of doctrines, but as a continuously unfolding structural system. The study argues that apparent differences among philosophical traditions may conceal deeper structural commonalities, and that the concepts of Point, Line, and Circle may provide a reusable language for understanding the recursive organization of human thought.
Keywords: Universal Law; Philosophy; Recursive Structure; Fractal Philosophy; I Ching; Western Philosophy; Confucianism; Point-Line-Circle Structure.
________________________________________
I. The Overall Triadic Structure of Philosophy
From a macroscopic perspective, the major traditions of human philosophy may be viewed as exhibiting three primary structural tendencies:
Universal Law
Structural Characteristic
Representative Tradition
• Point
Origin, Ontology, Heavenly Principle
I Ching Tradition
｜ Line
Reasoning, Logic, Development
Western Philosophy
Ο Circle
Order, Relationships, Wholeness
Confucian Philosophy
1.1 Point Philosophy (•)
Representative Tradition: I Ching (Book of Changes)
Core Structure: Tai Chi → Yin and Yang → Four Symbols → Eight Trigrams → Ten Thousand Things
Emphasis:
· Origin
· Generation
· Beginning
Corresponding Idea: One gives rise to Two; Two gives rise to Three; Three gives rise to the ten thousand things.
Therefore, the I Ching may be viewed as a philosophy of cosmic generation—a philosophical system that derives the universe from a single originating point.
1.2 Line Philosophy (｜)
Representative Tradition: Western Philosophy
From:
· Socrates
· Plato
· Aristotle
To:
· Descartes
· Kant
· Hegel
A characteristic progression emerges: Proposition → Reasoning → Conclusion → Structure
Emphasis:
· Logic
· Causality
· Argumentation
Therefore, Western philosophy may be viewed as a philosophy of pathways, in which truth unfolds through reasoning and logical development.
1.3 Circle Philosophy (Ο)
Representative Tradition: Confucian Philosophy
Core Structure: Self-Cultivation → Family Regulation → State Governance → Harmony Under Heaven
Emphasis:
· Relationships
· Balance
· Social Order
Ultimately leading toward: Heaven – Earth – Humanity as an integrated whole.
Therefore, Confucianism may be viewed as a philosophy of order, in which individual and collective existence together form a harmonious system.
________________________________________
II. Recursive Unfolding Within Philosophical Systems
As observed in religious systems, each philosophical tradition also contains recurring Point–Line–Circle structures within itself.
2.1 Internal Structure of the I Ching
Overall: I Ching → •
Internal Structure:
• Tai Chi
｜ Yin–Yang Transformation
Ο Trigram and Hexagram System
Correspondence:
· Point: Tai Chi
· Line: Yin–Yang Transformation
· Circle: The Complete System of Sixty-Four Hexagrams
2.2 Internal Structure of Western Philosophy
Overall: Western Philosophy → ｜
Internal Structure:
• Being
｜ Reasoning
Ο System
Examples:
· Point: Ontology
· Line: Logic
· Circle: System Philosophy
2.3 Internal Structure of Confucian Philosophy
Overall: Confucianism → Ο
Internal Structure:
• Ren (Humaneness)
｜ Li (Ritual and Social Order)
Ο Datong (Great Harmony)
Correspondence:
· Point: Humaneness
· Line: Social Process and Ethical Practice
· Circle: Great Harmony Under Heaven
________________________________________
III. The Fractal Structure of Philosophy
The recursive structure may be represented as follows:
Philosophy
├─ Point Philosophy
│ ├─ Point
│ ├─ Line
│ └─ Circle
├─ Line Philosophy
│ ├─ Point
│ ├─ Line
│ └─ Circle
└─ Circle Philosophy
├─ Point
├─ Line
└─ Circle
Further Expansion:
Point
↓
Point–Line–Circle
Line
↓
Point–Line–Circle
Circle
↓
Point–Line–Circle
This recursive process may continue indefinitely.
Thus, every structure contains a miniature reflection of the whole. Such self-similarity is a defining characteristic of fractal systems.
________________________________________
IV. Correspondence with the Three-Book Framework
An interesting correspondence also appears in the structure of our own trilogy:
Golden Classic
↓
Universal Law
↓
Grand Ultimate Theory
This may be interpreted as:
Universal Law
Philosophical Function
Work
• Point
Inquiry into Origins
Golden Classic
｜ Line
Structural Unfolding
Universal Law
Ο Circle
Systemic Unification
Grand Ultimate Theory
Together they form a philosophical recursion: Point → Line → Circle
________________________________________
V. Conclusion
If religion emphasizes sacred structures, philosophy emphasizes structures of thought.
From the perspective of Point (•), Line (｜), and Circle (Ο):
· The I Ching focuses on how the universe begins.
· Western philosophy focuses on how truth unfolds.
· Confucian philosophy focuses on how wholes become stable and harmonious.
These traditions are not mutually exclusive. Rather, they approach the same fundamental questions from different directions:
· How does existence emerge?
· How does existence evolve?
· How does existence become an integrated whole?
Final Summary
The differences among philosophical traditions lie in their modes of thinking, yet their deeper structure may reflect the same recursive language: The Point seeks origins; the Line unfolds meaning; the Circle establishes order; and every Circle ultimately gives birth to a new Point.
Therefore, this interpretation does not seek to replace traditional philosophical classifications. Instead, it proposes a structural perspective through which the I Ching, Western philosophy, and Confucianism may be understood as three distinct yet interconnected pathways within a larger recursive framework.
________________________________________
References:
Primary Sources
1.John Chang (Hai Zhi Tao). Universal Law.
2.John Chang(Hai Zhi Tao). Grand Ultimate Theory.
3.John Chang(Hai Zhi Tao). Golden Classic.
Classical Philosophical Sources
4.Laozi. Tao Te Ching.
5.Confucius. The Analects.
6.The I Ching (Book of Changes).
7.Plato. The Republic.
8.Aristotle. Metaphysics.
9.René Descartes. Discourse on the Method.
10.Immanuel Kant. Critique of Pure Reason.
11.G. W. F. Hegel. Phenomenology of Spirit.
Related Studies
12.Joseph Needham. Science and Civilisation in China.
13.Fung Yu-lan. A History of Chinese Philosophy.
14.Bertrand Russell. History of Western Philosophy.
15.Mircea Eliade. The Quest: History and Meaning in Religion.
16.Gregory Bateson. Mind and Nature: A Necessary Unity.
17.Ludwig von Bertalanffy. General System Theory.
18.Benoit Mandelbrot. The Fractal Geometry of Nature.
当今哲学的分形结构和分层递归—--从“点•、线｜、圆Ο”宇宙法则看哲学系统的层级展开
摘要：
几个世纪以来，哲学一直被置于历史传统、文化背景和思想流派的框架下进行研究。然而，从结构的角度来看，主要的哲学体系也可以被理解为反复出现的组织模式的体现。
本文以《宇宙法则》中提出的点（•）、线（｜）、圆（Ο）框架来探讨哲学。文章指出，《易经》传统可以被视为一种以点为导向的哲学，强调起源和生成；西方哲学可以被视为一种以线为导向的哲学，强调推理和发展；而儒家哲学则可以被视为一种以圆为导向的哲学，强调秩序、和谐与系统整合。
此外，每一种哲学传统似乎都包含其自身的内部点-线-圆结构，从而形成一种递归的、类似分形的层级结构。通过这种视角，哲学不再仅仅是一系列学说的集合，而是一个不断演进的结构系统。该研究认为，不同哲学传统之间表面上的差异可能掩盖了更深层次的结构共性，而点、线、圆的概念或许能为理解人类思维的递归组织提供一种可重复使用的语言。
关键词：普遍规律；哲学；递归结构；分形哲学；易经；西方哲学；儒家思想；点-线-圆结构。
________________________________________
一、哲学的整体三元结构
从宏观角度观察，人类哲学传统可以呈现三种主要结构倾向：
宇宙法则
结构特征
代表体系
• 点
起源、本体、天道
《易经》体系
｜ 线
推理、逻辑、展开
西方哲学
Ο 圆
秩序、关系、整体
儒家哲学
1.1 点哲学（•）
代表：《易经》
核心特点：太极 两仪 四象 八卦 万物
强调：
· 本源
· 生发
· 起点
对应：一生二，二生三，三生万物
因此：《易经》更像：宇宙生成哲学
即：从一个点推演整个宇宙。
1.2 线哲学（｜）
代表：西方哲学
从：
· 苏格拉底
· 柏拉图
· 亚里士多德
到：
· 笛卡尔
· 康德
· 黑格尔
形成：命题 推理 结论 结构。
强调：
· 逻辑
· 因果
· 论证
因此：西方哲学更像：道路哲学
即：真理通过推理展开。
1.3 圆哲学（Ο）
代表：儒家
核心：修身 齐家 治国 平天下
强调：
· 关系
· 平衡
· 整体秩序
最终形成：天，地，人统一。
因此，儒家更像：秩序哲学
即：个体与整体共同构成圆满系统。
________________________________________
二、哲学内部的递归展开
与宗教一样。每种哲学内部仍然出现：点，线，圆，三种结构。
2.1 《易经》内部
整体：I Ching → •
内部：
• 太极:
｜ 阴阳变化
Ο 八卦系统
对应：
点:太极
线: 阴阳变化
圆: 六十四卦整体
2.2 西方哲学内部
整体：Western Philosophy → ｜
内部：
• 存在
｜ 推理
Ο 体系
例如：
点: 本体论, Ontology
线: 逻辑学, Logic
圆:系统哲学, System Philosophy
2.3 儒家内部
整体：Confucianism → Ο
内部：
• 仁
｜ 礼
Ο 大同
对应：
点: 仁, Humaneness
线: 礼,Social Process
圆: 天下大同, Great Harmony
________________________________________
三、哲学的分形结构
结构图：
Philosophy
├─ Point Philosophy
│
│ ├─ Point
│ ├─ Line
│ └─ Circle
│
├─ Line Philosophy
│
│ ├─ Point
│ ├─ Line
│ └─ Circle
│
└─ Circle Philosophy
│
├─ Point
├─ Line
└─ Circle
进一步：
Point
↓
Point-Line-Circle
Line
↓
Point-Line-Circle
Circle
↓
Point-Line-Circle
不断递归。
________________________________________
四、与三部书的对应
这里也有个很有意思的思路。按照我们现在的著作结构：
Golden Classic
↓
Universal Law
↓
Grand Ultimate Theory
恰好也可以对应：宇宙法则
哲学功能著作
•
本源追问
Golden Classic
｜
结构展开
Universal Law
Ο
系统统一
Grand Ultimate Theory
形成：Point Line Circle 的哲学递归。
________________________________________
五、总结
如果宗教强调：神圣结构
那么哲学强调：思想结构
从点•、线｜、圆Ο的角度看：
· 《易经》更关注宇宙如何开始；
· 西方哲学更关注真理如何展开；
· 儒家更关注整体如何稳定。
三者并非互相排斥，而是在不同方向上探索同一个问题：
存在如何生成？
存在如何演化？
存在如何形成整体？
最终总结一句：哲学的差异存在于思维路径，而其深层结构可能体现为同一种递归语言——点寻找起源，线展开意义，圆形成秩序，而每一个圆又孕育新的点。
所以，我们认为这篇哲学更加清晰，因为《易经》、西方哲学、儒家本来就是三种非常明显不同的思想传统，而我们这里只是提供一种“结构观察法”。
For centuries, philosophy has been studied through historical traditions, cultural backgrounds, and schools of thought. However, from a structural perspective, major philosophical systems may also be understood as manifestations of recurring organizational patterns.
This article explores philosophy through the framework of Point (•), Line (｜), and Circle (Ο), proposed in Universal Law. It suggests that the I Ching tradition may be viewed as a Point-oriented philosophy emphasizing origin and generation; Western philosophy as a Line-oriented philosophy emphasizing reasoning and development; and Confucian philosophy as a Circle-oriented philosophy emphasizing order, harmony, and systemic integration.
Furthermore, each philosophical tradition appears to contain its own internal point-line-circle structure, producing a recursive and fractal-like hierarchy. Through this perspective, philosophy is interpreted not merely as a collection of doctrines, but as a continuously unfolding structural system. The study argues that apparent differences among philosophical traditions may conceal deeper structural commonalities, and that the concepts of Point, Line, and Circle may provide a reusable language for understanding the recursive organization of human thought.
Keywords: Universal Law; Philosophy; Recursive Structure; Fractal Philosophy; I Ching; Western Philosophy; Confucianism; Point-Line-Circle Structure.
________________________________________
I. The Overall Triadic Structure of Philosophy
From a macroscopic perspective, the major traditions of human philosophy may be viewed as exhibiting three primary structural tendencies:
Universal Law
Structural Characteristic
Representative Tradition
• Point
Origin, Ontology, Heavenly Principle
I Ching Tradition
｜ Line
Reasoning, Logic, Development
Western Philosophy
Ο Circle
Order, Relationships, Wholeness
Confucian Philosophy
1.1 Point Philosophy (•)
Representative Tradition: I Ching (Book of Changes)
Core Structure: Tai Chi → Yin and Yang → Four Symbols → Eight Trigrams → Ten Thousand Things
Emphasis:
· Origin
· Generation
· Beginning
Corresponding Idea: One gives rise to Two; Two gives rise to Three; Three gives rise to the ten thousand things.
Therefore, the I Ching may be viewed as a philosophy of cosmic generation—a philosophical system that derives the universe from a single originating point.
1.2 Line Philosophy (｜)
Representative Tradition: Western Philosophy
From:
· Socrates
· Plato
· Aristotle
To:
· Descartes
· Kant
· Hegel
A characteristic progression emerges: Proposition → Reasoning → Conclusion → Structure
Emphasis:
· Logic
· Causality
· Argumentation
Therefore, Western philosophy may be viewed as a philosophy of pathways, in which truth unfolds through reasoning and logical development.
1.3 Circle Philosophy (Ο)
Representative Tradition: Confucian Philosophy
Core Structure: Self-Cultivation → Family Regulation → State Governance → Harmony Under Heaven
Emphasis:
· Relationships
· Balance
· Social Order
Ultimately leading toward: Heaven – Earth – Humanity as an integrated whole.
Therefore, Confucianism may be viewed as a philosophy of order, in which individual and collective existence together form a harmonious system.
________________________________________
II. Recursive Unfolding Within Philosophical Systems
As observed in religious systems, each philosophical tradition also contains recurring Point–Line–Circle structures within itself.
2.1 Internal Structure of the I Ching
Overall: I Ching → •
Internal Structure:
• Tai Chi
｜ Yin–Yang Transformation
Ο Trigram and Hexagram System
Correspondence:
· Point: Tai Chi
· Line: Yin–Yang Transformation
· Circle: The Complete System of Sixty-Four Hexagrams
2.2 Internal Structure of Western Philosophy
Overall: Western Philosophy → ｜
Internal Structure:
• Being
｜ Reasoning
Ο System
Examples:
· Point: Ontology
· Line: Logic
· Circle: System Philosophy
2.3 Internal Structure of Confucian Philosophy
Overall: Confucianism → Ο
Internal Structure:
• Ren (Humaneness)
｜ Li (Ritual and Social Order)
Ο Datong (Great Harmony)
Correspondence:
· Point: Humaneness
· Line: Social Process and Ethical Practice
· Circle: Great Harmony Under Heaven
________________________________________
III. The Fractal Structure of Philosophy
The recursive structure may be represented as follows:
Philosophy
├─ Point Philosophy
│ ├─ Point
│ ├─ Line
│ └─ Circle
├─ Line Philosophy
│ ├─ Point
│ ├─ Line
│ └─ Circle
└─ Circle Philosophy
├─ Point
├─ Line
└─ Circle
Further Expansion:
Point
↓
Point–Line–Circle
Line
↓
Point–Line–Circle
Circle
↓
Point–Line–Circle
This recursive process may continue indefinitely.
Thus, every structure contains a miniature reflection of the whole. Such self-similarity is a defining characteristic of fractal systems.
________________________________________
IV. Correspondence with the Three-Book Framework
An interesting correspondence also appears in the structure of our own trilogy:
Golden Classic
↓
Universal Law
↓
Grand Ultimate Theory
This may be interpreted as:
Universal Law
Philosophical Function
Work
• Point
Inquiry into Origins
Golden Classic
｜ Line
Structural Unfolding
Universal Law
Ο Circle
Systemic Unification
Grand Ultimate Theory
Together they form a philosophical recursion: Point → Line → Circle
________________________________________
V. Conclusion
If religion emphasizes sacred structures, philosophy emphasizes structures of thought.
From the perspective of Point (•), Line (｜), and Circle (Ο):
· The I Ching focuses on how the universe begins.
· Western philosophy focuses on how truth unfolds.
· Confucian philosophy focuses on how wholes become stable and harmonious.
These traditions are not mutually exclusive. Rather, they approach the same fundamental questions from different directions:
· How does existence emerge?
· How does existence evolve?
· How does existence become an integrated whole?
Final Summary
The differences among philosophical traditions lie in their modes of thinking, yet their deeper structure may reflect the same recursive language: The Point seeks origins; the Line unfolds meaning; the Circle establishes order; and every Circle ultimately gives birth to a new Point.
Therefore, this interpretation does not seek to replace traditional philosophical classifications. Instead, it proposes a structural perspective through which the I Ching, Western philosophy, and Confucianism may be understood as three distinct yet interconnected pathways within a larger recursive framework.
________________________________________
References:
Primary Sources
1.John Chang (Hai Zhi Tao). Universal Law.
2.John Chang(Hai Zhi Tao). Grand Ultimate Theory.
3.John Chang(Hai Zhi Tao). Golden Classic.
Classical Philosophical Sources
4.Laozi. Tao Te Ching.
5.Confucius. The Analects.
6.The I Ching (Book of Changes).
7.Plato. The Republic.
8.Aristotle. Metaphysics.
9.René Descartes. Discourse on the Method.
10.Immanuel Kant. Critique of Pure Reason.
11.G. W. F. Hegel. Phenomenology of Spirit.
Related Studies
12.Joseph Needham. Science and Civilisation in China.
13.Fung Yu-lan. A History of Chinese Philosophy.
14.Bertrand Russell. History of Western Philosophy.
15.Mircea Eliade. The Quest: History and Meaning in Religion.
16.Gregory Bateson. Mind and Nature: A Necessary Unity.
17.Ludwig von Bertalanffy. General System Theory.
18.Benoit Mandelbrot. The Fractal Geometry of Nature.
当今哲学的分形结构和分层递归—--从“点•、线｜、圆Ο”宇宙法则看哲学系统的层级展开
摘要：
几个世纪以来，哲学一直被置于历史传统、文化背景和思想流派的框架下进行研究。然而，从结构的角度来看，主要的哲学体系也可以被理解为反复出现的组织模式的体现。
本文以《宇宙法则》中提出的点（•）、线（｜）、圆（Ο）框架来探讨哲学。文章指出，《易经》传统可以被视为一种以点为导向的哲学，强调起源和生成；西方哲学可以被视为一种以线为导向的哲学，强调推理和发展；而儒家哲学则可以被视为一种以圆为导向的哲学，强调秩序、和谐与系统整合。
此外，每一种哲学传统似乎都包含其自身的内部点-线-圆结构，从而形成一种递归的、类似分形的层级结构。通过这种视角，哲学不再仅仅是一系列学说的集合，而是一个不断演进的结构系统。该研究认为，不同哲学传统之间表面上的差异可能掩盖了更深层次的结构共性，而点、线、圆的概念或许能为理解人类思维的递归组织提供一种可重复使用的语言。
关键词：普遍规律；哲学；递归结构；分形哲学；易经；西方哲学；儒家思想；点-线-圆结构。
________________________________________
一、哲学的整体三元结构
从宏观角度观察，人类哲学传统可以呈现三种主要结构倾向：
宇宙法则
结构特征
代表体系
• 点
起源、本体、天道
《易经》体系
｜ 线
推理、逻辑、展开
西方哲学
Ο 圆
秩序、关系、整体
儒家哲学
1.1 点哲学（•）
代表：《易经》
核心特点：太极 两仪 四象 八卦 万物
强调：
· 本源
· 生发
· 起点
对应：一生二，二生三，三生万物
因此：《易经》更像：宇宙生成哲学
即：从一个点推演整个宇宙。
1.2 线哲学（｜）
代表：西方哲学
从：
· 苏格拉底
· 柏拉图
· 亚里士多德
到：
· 笛卡尔
· 康德
· 黑格尔
形成：命题 推理 结论 结构。
强调：
· 逻辑
· 因果
· 论证
因此：西方哲学更像：道路哲学
即：真理通过推理展开。
1.3 圆哲学（Ο）
代表：儒家
核心：修身 齐家 治国 平天下
强调：
· 关系
· 平衡
· 整体秩序
最终形成：天，地，人统一。
因此，儒家更像：秩序哲学
即：个体与整体共同构成圆满系统。
________________________________________
二、哲学内部的递归展开
与宗教一样。每种哲学内部仍然出现：点，线，圆，三种结构。
2.1 《易经》内部
整体：I Ching → •
内部：
• 太极:
｜ 阴阳变化
Ο 八卦系统
对应：
点:太极
线: 阴阳变化
圆: 六十四卦整体
2.2 西方哲学内部
整体：Western Philosophy → ｜
内部：
• 存在
｜ 推理
Ο 体系
例如：
点: 本体论, Ontology
线: 逻辑学, Logic
圆:系统哲学, System Philosophy
2.3 儒家内部
整体：Confucianism → Ο
内部：
• 仁
｜ 礼
Ο 大同
对应：
点: 仁, Humaneness
线: 礼,Social Process
圆: 天下大同, Great Harmony
________________________________________
三、哲学的分形结构
结构图：
Philosophy
├─ Point Philosophy
│
│ ├─ Point
│ ├─ Line
│ └─ Circle
│
├─ Line Philosophy
│
│ ├─ Point
│ ├─ Line
│ └─ Circle
│
└─ Circle Philosophy
│
├─ Point
├─ Line
└─ Circle
进一步：
Point
↓
Point-Line-Circle
Line
↓
Point-Line-Circle
Circle
↓
Point-Line-Circle
不断递归。
________________________________________
四、与三部书的对应
这里也有个很有意思的思路。按照我们现在的著作结构：
Golden Classic
↓
Universal Law
↓
Grand Ultimate Theory
恰好也可以对应：宇宙法则
哲学功能著作
•
本源追问
Golden Classic
｜
结构展开
Universal Law
Ο
系统统一
Grand Ultimate Theory
形成：Point Line Circle 的哲学递归。
________________________________________
五、总结
如果宗教强调：神圣结构
那么哲学强调：思想结构
从点•、线｜、圆Ο的角度看：
· 《易经》更关注宇宙如何开始；
· 西方哲学更关注真理如何展开；
· 儒家更关注整体如何稳定。
三者并非互相排斥，而是在不同方向上探索同一个问题：
存在如何生成？
存在如何演化？
存在如何形成整体？
最终总结一句：哲学的差异存在于思维路径，而其深层结构可能体现为同一种递归语言——点寻找起源，线展开意义，圆形成秩序，而每一个圆又孕育新的点。
所以，我们认为这篇哲学更加清晰，因为《易经》、西方哲学、儒家本来就是三种非常明显不同的思想传统，而我们这里只是提供一种“结构观察法”。
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